RIMPAC 2000: Exercise “Strong Angel”

 

Eric Rasmussen, MD, FACP

Third Fleet Surgeon

 

619-524-9541 shipboard

619-925-7701 cellular

u00sc3f@coronado.navy.mil

 

25 October 99

MPC Final

 

 

To our knowledge, no exercise effort like this has ever taken place. There will be much to develop, much to learn, and probably a remarkable degree of helpful hindsight afterwards. Recognizing that this is a first effort and everything will be hard, our goal will be an effective legacy for those who will do this next time.

 

 

1)       Overview:

a)      During a period of escalating tensions between two island nations, the United Nations requests a Coalition Task Force to serve as a calming presence in the waters off the most affected of the islands. On that island are two countries, Green (the good guys) and Orange (not the good guys). Ethnically Green citizens of Orange (read: Kosovar Albanians) are subjected to persecution and flee across the border into Green. The influx worries Green, which requests assistance in the management of the refugees. The UN Secretariat agrees, and a civil-military operation is initiated that has UN agencies establishing a refugee camp in Green. Those agencies (UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), World Food Programme (WFP), UNICEF), guided by the Office of the Coordinator for Humanitarian Assistance (OCHA), are to be supported in any fashion they deem desirable by elements of the Coalition military. Essentially, the camp will be a military effort, overseen by the UN agencies who know how to do it.

b)      The camp will be established on the northwest corner of the Big Island of Hawaii. The site, called Puu Paa, is below an 800-foot hill, facing down slope across very rough lava scrublands to the ocean visible about 12 miles away. There will be two sites, the refugee camp itself and a Civil-Military Operations Center (CMOC) section. There will be roughly 60 five-person tents within the camp, with a few larger tents for various support functions including meals, showers, recreation, and storage. The CMOC section will contain more storage, communication links, staff housing, and various public relations areas for visitors.

c)       We will support 300 live volunteers for about six days in the camp. The volunteers will be of mixed ages and genders, and they will be selected for their suitability to the rigors of six days in a potentially harsh environment. We recognize that there is nothing in the area. There is no power, water, food, or shelter. All facilities must be developed from scratch. Fortunately, the camp will be less than six miles from a small city with excellent medical facilities, and the site surveys have been somewhat reassuring. The safety of the civilian volunteers will be paramount.

d)      The material for the camp (tents, cots, kitchens, etc) will be loaded on an amphibious ship (probably the USS Harpers Ferry) and transported from Oahu to the landing area at K-docks on the Big island. The Marines will transport by truck from there and establish the camp to UNHCR specifications on the 9th and 10th of June. The breakdown of the camp will be done on the 16th and 17th of June, and the returning material will be sent by C-130 airlift from Wiamea-Kahala airport back to it’s site of origin on Oahu

e)      There will be an extensive experimental component to Strong Angel. One section outside the camp will be dedicated to the trials of information management in an austere environment. The experiments run the gamut from high-bandwidth video-teleconference support, to the interviewing of refugees for war-crimes documentation using digital transcription, to solar powered computer systems.

f)        There is a special effort to understand chemical and biological response capabilities for information management. A sub-exercise, called Sea Breeze (for CBRE, Chemical-Biological-Radiological-Envirotoxic) will stimulate the requirements that will test the primary experimental effort, a DARPA project called TIDES. TIDES is an acronym for Trans-lingual Information Detection, Extraction, and Summarization. It is a web portal to resources not previously available, and will have its initial test in our attempt to ferret out the circumstances surrounding a Sudan-like event.

i)        Background: On 23 July 99, rumors surfaced that a chemical agent may have been used in Sudan against a civilian population. Evaluating that report proved challenging, so the TIDES portal under development has been adapted to look at a similar question in this exercise.

ii)      In addition, we will have a malignant contamination of a water source within the camp by Orange insurgents masquerading as refugees. Our response to that will be designed to assess information management tools with particular attention to epidemiology in refugee camps, and the appropriate response.

iii)    NOTE: We will NOT be managing a chem-bio casualty problem. These experiments are to test information management tools. There will be no release, no casualties, no moulage, no MOPP gear, no decontamination procedures, and no general alerts to the refugees.

2)      Any questions regarding any component of the exercise can be directed to the Officer Conducting the Exercise (OCE), LCDR Eric Rasmussen, Fleet Surgeon for Third Fleet. Contact details are at the head of this paper.

 

 

3)       Location

a)       Lee side of the Puu, facing the slope to the water

i)         019.59.11.6  North

ii)       155.42.15.2  West

iii)      3400’ altitude

iv)      Airport at 2600’, roughly 4 miles due east

(1)    Runway 5197 feet x 100 feet, paved asphalt.

4)       Dates

a)       06 June: Coronado sails to BI from PH, Boxer arrives in PH same day

b)       07 June: Coronado off BI, Boxer onloading Oahu, and Site Team ashore

c)       08 June: Coronado offshore, Boxer sails for BI

d)       09 June: Coronado offshore, Boxer offloads K-docks, construction begins

e)       10 June: Refugees begin late arrival, Coronado and Boxer sail to PH

f)        11-16 June: Refugees present, repatriated afternoon of the 16th

g)       14 June: Coronado sails from PH to BI

h)       14-16 June: Coronado offshore

i)         17 June: Coronado departs for PH, Camp breakdown.

j)         18 June: Air backload

k)       18-19 June: Coronado in port in PH

l)         19 June: Hotwash

5)       Two main sites: Refugee camp and Admin Support

a)      Refugee camp

i)         Road grading x1 on the 4WD access road in late May

ii)       Water and water storage for 350 for 7 days

iii)      Meals (Tray-pack 3x/day) for 350 x 7 days

iv)      Tents (most with power/light modules)

(1)    Lodging:  60 IFRC tents (confirmed)

(2)    Medical (real-world)

(3)    Recreation

(4)    Admin

(5)    Bulk commodity

v)        Portable latrines for 350 for 7 days

vi)      Laundry and shower services for 350 for 7 days

vii)     Camp security

b)      Admin Site

i)         Tents

(1)    Admin

(2)    Staff housing

(3)    Experimentation

(4)    Joint Information Center

(5)    Joint Visitors Bureau

(6)    Bulk commodity

ii)       Portable latrines

6)       Two small sites, not always manned:

a)       Airport office at Wiamea-Kahala

b)       Port office at K-docks

7)       Scenario

a)       Coalition arrival includes a CMOC structure afloat since ethnic persecution is recognized and intervention seems likely.

b)       Area of probable refugee migration is inaccessible. Negotiations bring a hesitation to the developing problem.

c)       Escalating tensions, refugees recognized in Green, Green asks UN for help.

d)       Significant Green infrastructure damage inhibits air transportation to the Green capital at Hilo.

e)       Local US Ambassador discusses it with Green, then the Ambassador requests (through State to the UN) the opportunity for Coalition assistance with security, communications, and logistics support to a humanitarian operation. UNSC says help authorized and appreciated. State notifies SecDef, then CINCPAC, then JTF.

f)         Through concurrent efforts behind the scenes, the JTF Commander has identified assets to the Theater CINC.

g)       UNSC tasks OCHA to coordinate. OCHA designates UNHCR lead, contacts are made, begin civ-mil coordination at the Field level, CMOC afloat desired since staff endangerment likely during the assessment phase.

h)       UN staff brought to Coronado for development of a CMOC afloat.

i)         Team sent ashore on helo. Site selection from the air by Joint Assessment Mission (Mil G4, Mil Security (2), OCHA, DART (2), WFP, UNHCR, UNICEF) from Coalition. 

j)         List of requirements generated afloat through GroupSystems session in CMOC. Passed to military log / comms / security.

k)       Implementing partners delegated, military fills the gaps:

i)         Comms

ii)       Sustainment

(1)    Sanitation, food, water, shelter, security

iii)      Bulk commodity movement

iv)      Registration and documentation

v)        Medical

l)         Begin military movement of goods and supplies based on the discussions within the CMOC. Sea-Based logistics.

m)     Transition CMOC from afloat to ashore.

8)       General sequence

a)       Needs assessment and immediate response

b)       Implementing partner coordination (UNHCR if Lead)

c)       Site selection

i)         Military and UN agency team

d)       Site preparation

i)         USMC under UN guidance

e)       Site management

i)         Sanitation

ii)       Water quantity, quality, distribution

iii)      Food provisioning

iv)      Shelter

v)        Security

vi)      Communications

vii)     Logistics and supply

(1)    Transportation

(2)    Transport protection

(3)    Storage

viii)   Registration and screening

ix)     Medical evaluation

x)       Social services, education, and recreation

f)         Site recovery

9)       Legal

i)         Care of the civilians

ii)       Site responsibility

(1)    Permissions

(2)    Environmental

iii)      International Law

(1)    How do we do this in Djibouti?

10)   Roads

a)       Grade the single 4WD road

i)         Provide pseudo-culvert protection during grading

11)   Design the camp

a)       Tent rows (6x10 rows)

b)       Portable latrines

c)       Showers

d)       Fire breaks (300m)

e)       Admin space

f)         Bulk water space

g)       Bulk commodity space

h)       Lighting

i)         Kitchen

j)         Laundry

k)       Shelter

i)         60 tents from ARC

(1)    Two housing tents in Admin (20/tent)

l)         Food supply, preparation, distribution

i)         World Food Programme will coordinate with CSSG-3

ii)       350 tray meals 3x/day: 7000 meals, roughly $14,000

iii)      Kitchen,

(1)    Dining area

(2)    Utensils

12)   Requested from CSSG-3 for CMOC and Refugee Camp areas

a)      Tents:

i)         Eighteen GP – Medium ( 12 CMOC + 6 RC)

(1)    RC (6):

(a)     Medical

(b)     Recreation (2)

(c)     Admin

(d)     Bulk commodity (2)

(2)    CMOC

(a)     CMOC (2)

(b)     Staff Housing (2)

(c)     Experimentation

(d)     Joint Information Center

(e)     Joint Visitors Bureau

(f)       Press housing

(g)     Bulk Commodity (4)

(3)    (contingency plan for housing 300 people if there are real-world requirements for IFRC tents)

b)      Latrines, portable:

i)         Eighteen  (6 CMOC + 12  RC)

c)       Meals:

i)         7500 (350 people x 3 meals/day x 7 days)

ii)       Tray-pacs

d)      Water

i)         350 people x 7 days (sustenance + hygiene)

(1)    drinking

(2)    cooking

(3)    shower (CMOC area and Refugee area separated)

(4)    laundry (optional)

e)      Vehicles:

i)         Four bulk transport trucks from 09-18 June

ii)       Three buses on 10 June pm

iii)      Five buses on 11 June all day

iv)      7 buses on 16 June all day

v)        Three Ready vehicles (high-occupancy 4WD) for general transport 09-17 June

vi)      Three Six-Cons for water

vii)     Road grader for access road on 05-06 June

f)        Cots: 350

g)      Blankets: 500

h)      Tables, folding: 40

i)        Chairs, folding: 60

j)        Power/Light modules for tent interior illumination: 18

k)       Area lights:

i)         refugee area security

ii)       CMOC area security

iii)      VIP/JVB area security

l)        Electrical power:

i)         Non-lighting power to thirteen  tents.

m)    Security detachment:

i)         camp area security

ii)       CMOC area security

iii)      VIP/Press escort

(1)    All areas are unfenced

(2)    Security is for the protection of the camp, not incarceration. All inhabitants are free to leave at any point and for any reason. We will provide transportation to their embarkation point at their request.

n)      Medical

i)         Real-world contingency (minor management and major stabilization)

ii)       Use organic CSSG-3 Medical

(1)    Competent hospital roughly four miles distant

(2)    EMS response roughly 15 minutes

(3)    Air response roughly 4 minutes flight time.

o)      Manning of CSSG-3 at Third Fleet

i)         Provide senior POC to C3F beginning at Mid-Planning Conference

ii)       Provide Senior LNO to Strong Angel beginning at arrival of USS Coronado in Pearl Harbor in late May 2000.

13)   Health services (screen, baseline, emergency care, routine care, surveillance, vaccinations)

a)       Medical support from CSSG-3

b)       Link with Fire and Rescue

i)         Ensure radio contact

ii)       Grade road for ambulance access

iii)      Get precise coordinates for Air-Evac